Answer to Question 1
ANSWER: b
Answer to Question 2
ANSWER: Students may display a discrepancy between IQ and achievement/performance for many reasons. However, students that display this discrepancy without any neurologically based reasons can be more accurately described as unexplained underachievers. These students may or may not have a learning disability. Underachievement may be a result of many factors. Learning disabilities could be one factor. There are also many factors that are not considered to be under the learning disability definition: for example, a lack of interest in school, teachers who are inexperienced, or even problems with home and family. The use of a discrepancy model often uses the term learning disabilities as a catch-all label for many students who are not achieving in school.