Answer to Question 1
Soluble fibers and products of their fermentation play roles in maintaining the body's health. Soluble fibers are best known for their ability to modulate blood glucose levels, lower blood cholesterol, and promote the health of the colon. In addition, products of fiber fermentation may maintain the health of the colon in ways that oppose colon cancer, oppose allergies, reduce inflammation, and support immunity.
Answer to Question 2
Gram for gram, carbohydrates donate fewer calories than do dietary fats, and converting glucose into fat for storage is metabolically costly. Still, it is possible to consume enough calories of carbohydrate to exceed the need for energy, which reliably leads to weight gain. To lose weight, the dieter must plan to consume fewer total calories from all foods each day.