What are the biological and modifiable risk factors for ...

[vinney12]

What are the biological and modifiable risk factors for developing osteoporosis?

Question 2

What is osteoporosis, and how does it develop?

[joshbk44]

Answer to Question 1

Biological factors:
 Sex: Women at greater risk due to low estrogen levels after menopause and overall smaller body size
 Age: Bone loss increases with age, especially in women
 Body size: Small people have lower peak bone mass; BMI < 19 kg/m2 are at increased risk
 Ethnicity: Northern European or Asian descent are at greatest risk
Lifestyle factors:
 Smoking: Smoking increases risk
 Some medications: Thyroid medications, diuretics, corticosteroids increase risk
 Low circulating estrogen concentration: Low estrogen levels increase risk
 History of eating disorder: Low body fat leads to low estrogen levels and poor dietary intake increases risk
 Alcohol consumption: Chronic alcoholism increases risk
 Physical inactivity: Lack of weight-bearing exercise increases risk
 Nutritional factors: Poor diet lacking in nutrients needed for healthy bones increases risk

Answer to Question 2

There are two types of osteoporosis: type 1 and type 2 . Type 1 osteoporosis (postmenopausal osteoporosis) typically occurs in women between 50 and 60 years of age and is linked to declining estrogen concentrations that occur in at menopause. It dramatically affects trabecular bone. Type 2 osteoporosis occurs in both men and women, tends to be diagnosed later in life (70 to 75 years of age), and is a result of breakdown of both cortical and trabecular bone. It develops due to a combination of dietary and age-related factors. With either form, people can lose significant height during old age and experience severe pain, especially in the spine.

[vinney12]

Wow, this really help

[Joy Chen]

Thanks for the timely response, appreciate it