Would it be easier or harder for a water molecule to donate a hydrogen ion if its polar H-O bond were even more polar? Why?
A) Easier. As polarity increases the bond classification tends towards ionic. An ionic bond would mean a greater separation of positive and negative charge making it easier for the water molecule to donate a hydrogen ion.
B) Harder. Increasing the polarity makes the bond stronger. The stronger the bond the more difficult it would be for the water molecule to donate a hydrogen ion.
C) Neither. Increasing the polarity of the O-H bond would not affect the hydrogen bonding between the water molecules and therefore have no effect on the water molecule's ability to donate a hydrogen ion.
D) Both. The ability of the water molecule to donate a hydrogen ion is dependent upon the environment you place it in. If the surrounding molecules are more covalent, donating the electron would be harder. However, if water found itself in a highly polar environment, increasing the O-H polarity would make it easier.
Question 2
Where is the boiling point of water the greatest: at the bottom of a pot of water or just below the surface?
A) The boiling point of water is the same throughout the pot.
B) The boiling point of water is is the greatest at the bottom where the density is greatest.
C) The boiling point of water is greatest where the water pressure is least, which is just below the surface.
D) The boiling point of water is greatest where the water pressure is greatest, which is at the bottom.
The dipolar nature of the H2O molecule
Pits in south polar ice cap, MGS 1999,
The dipole nature of a water molecule
Energy is released from the breaking of the phosphate bond in ATP when converting to ADP.
Hydrogen-bond donors and acceptors in water
Water-Soluble Vitamins Act as Coenzymes in Metabolic Processes