Answer 1
Niche attractions appeal to a small segment within the travel and tourism spectrum. Tours based on food, wine, bird watching, hiking, etc., have a relatively narrow following as compared to general tours that may encompass the most popular sites during a trip.
Answer 2
Political: Peace initiatives in the Middle East, war in Iraq, the aftermath of the war in Lebanon, and open skies negotiations between the United States and the EU.
Environmental: Global warming which can increase temperatures to unbearable levels in sun and sand destinations and shorten seasons in ski resorts, pollution and congestion in big cities such as Beijing and Bangkok which limits their appeal as destinations, the increasing strength and frequency of natural disasters which has limited the appeal of destinations in Florida and the Caribbean.
Social: Baby boomers will have more time and money to travel but they want unique travel experiences, Generation X employees are not interested in low-paying and monotonous tourism jobs, seniors need special assistance but don't want to be considered as retired persons, China and India will provide the boom for tourism industries when substantial middle-class populations develop.
Technological: Social networks and the Internet will shape the travel behavior, space travel will become the next big travel product, the Internet will allow destinations to customize their travel experience in advance, and Boeing 787 and Airbus 380 will shape the future of travel.
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