Question 1
Andrew Carnegie's success in the steel industry can best be attributed to __________.
A) cost control and cutthroat business practices
B) the use of skilled metalworkers and investment in the latest technology
C) horizontal integration and sympathy to workers' conditions
D) wise investments and philanthropy
Question 2
From the perspective of New York City's elite, this image of the Five Points neighborhood confirmed their belief that it was a __________.
A) center of industry and hard workers
B) ramshackle neighborhood teeming with crime
C) poor but thriving, multiethnic community
D) vibrant neighborhood suitable for raising children
Question 3
How does this graphic illustrate the difference between vertical integration and horizontal integration?
A) The focus of horizontal integration is on controlling raw materials whereas the focus of
vertical integration is on the finished product.
B) Companies employing horizontal integration generally follow fair labor practices whereas
those employing vertical integration typically exploit their workers.
C) Vertical integration involves control of all phases of production whereas horizontal
integration involves buying out rival companies producing the same product.
D) Vertical integration involves the abuse of conventional ethics whereas horizontal integration
is illegal.
Question 4
What do changes in the average height of Americans serving in the military reveal about the general health of the nation during the era of the market revolution?
A) The general health of the nation declined due to a series of droughts that hurt American
agricultural production.
B) Mass production of processed foods led to the consumption of food substances that were not
healthy for the American public.
C) The higher standard of living that resulted for all Americans led to purchases of unhealthy
sugar-filled foods that stunted growth.
D) Declines in nutrition levels showed that not all Americans were benefitting equally from a
market revolution.