This topic contains a solution. Click here to go to the answer

Author Question: Discuss chronic pain. What factors, including psychological, are thought to maintain chronic pain? ... (Read 197 times)

rayancarla1

  • Hero Member
  • *****
  • Posts: 571
Discuss chronic pain. What factors, including psychological, are thought to maintain chronic pain?
 
  What will be an ideal response?

Question 2

Discuss why stress is often implicated as a factor in cardiovascular disease. Define Type A personality and discuss research regarding its validity.
 
  What will be an ideal response?



Related Topics

Need homework help now?

Ask unlimited questions for free

Ask a Question
Marked as best answer by a Subject Expert

jazzlynnnnn

  • Sr. Member
  • ****
  • Posts: 335
Answer to Question 1

Sample AnswerChronic pain usually begins with an acute episode or injury, but the pain does not decrease over time, even when the injury has healed or effective treatments have been administered. Typically, chronic pain occurs in muscles, joints, or tendons, but it can also be related to headaches and degenerative diseases. Chronic pain can affect all aspects of a person's life, but responses vary as a function of psychological responses. Anxiety and depression exacerbate the affects of chronic pain, while a sense of control and optimism can result in less distress and disability.

Answer to Question 2

The cardiovascular system includes the heart, blood vessels, and control mechanisms for its regulation. Cardiovascular disease often occurs because of blockages in blood vessels to the heart, which cause heart attacks, and in blood vessels to the brain, which cause stress. High blood pressure (hypertension) and high cholesterol levels contribute to both of these problems. Hypertension can occur as a result of strong physiological responses to stress, kidney problems, emotional distress, feelings of uncontrollability, and low social support. Type A behavior was originally described as a combination of impatience, energy, time pressure, and competitiveness. Early researchers (Freidman and Rosenman) thought this behavior pattern caused heart disease, although later research suggests that the relationship is complex, with negative emotions such as anger, hostility, anxiety, and depression being stronger predictors of cardiovascular disease than the Type A pattern itself.




rayancarla1

  • Member
  • Posts: 571
Reply 2 on: Jun 22, 2018
Thanks for the timely response, appreciate it


bigsis44

  • Member
  • Posts: 317
Reply 3 on: Yesterday
:D TYSM

 

Did you know?

When intravenous medications are involved in adverse drug events, their harmful effects may occur more rapidly, and be more severe than errors with oral medications. This is due to the direct administration into the bloodstream.

Did you know?

Multiple sclerosis is a condition wherein the body's nervous system is weakened by an autoimmune reaction that attacks the myelin sheaths of neurons.

Did you know?

According to the FDA, adverse drug events harmed or killed approximately 1,200,000 people in the United States in the year 2015.

Did you know?

Street names for barbiturates include reds, red devils, yellow jackets, blue heavens, Christmas trees, and rainbows. They are commonly referred to as downers.

Did you know?

Each year in the United States, there are approximately six million pregnancies. This means that at any one time, about 4% of women in the United States are pregnant.

For a complete list of videos, visit our video library