Question 1
A patient in the hospital has hypernatremia. What condition should the healthcare professional assess for?
◦ Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
◦ Hypersecretion of aldosterone
◦ Brief bouts of vomiting or diarrhea
◦ Excessive diuretic therapy
Question 2
A patient has a serum sodium level of 165 mEq/L. The healthcare professional explains that the clinical manifestations of confusion, convulsions, cerebral hemorrhage, and coma are caused by what mechanism?
◦ High sodium in the blood vessels pulls water out of the brain cells into the blood vessels, causing brain cells to shrink.
◦ High sodium in the brain cells pulls water out of the blood vessels into the brain cells, causing them to swell.
◦ Low sodium in the blood vessels pulls potassium out of the brain cells, which slows the synapses in the brain.
◦ Low sodium in the blood vessels draws chloride into the brain cells followed by water, causing the brain cells to swell.
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