Answer to Question 1
When it comes to childhood sexuality, many American parents feel conflicted. They may want their children to have a positive attitude toward sexuality, but many do not know how to go about fostering this attitude.
Parents may get upset and confused when they discover that their child engages in sexual play. Sex play in children is perfectly normal, and parents should probably be more concerned if their children show no interest in their own or other children's bodies than if they want to find out what other children have down there..
Answer to Question 2
An infant's need for warmth and contact was demonstrated in Harlow's (1959) famous experiment, in which rhesus monkeys were separated at birth from their mothers. When offered two surrogate mothers, one a wire figure of a monkey equipped with milk bottles and one a terry-clothcovered figure, the monkeys clung to the terry-cloth figure for warmth and security, and ventured over to the wire figure only when desperate for nourishment. The need for a sense of warmth and security in infancy overwhelms even the desire to eat.