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People with alcoholism are at a much greater risk of malnutrition than are other people and usually exhibit low levels of most vitamins (especially folic acid). This is because alcohol often takes the place of 50% of their daily intake of calories, with little nutritional value contained in it.
Disorders that may affect pharmacodynamics include genetic mutations, malnutrition, thyrotoxicosis, myasthenia gravis, Parkinson's disease, and certain forms of insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus.
Though methadone is often used to treat dependency on other opioids, the drug itself can be abused. Crushing or snorting methadone can achieve the opiate "rush" desired by addicts. Improper use such as these can lead to a dangerous dependency on methadone. This drug now accounts for nearly one-third of opioid-related deaths.
Green tea is able to stop the scent of garlic or onion from causing bad breath.
Oliver Wendell Holmes is credited with introducing the words "anesthesia" and "anesthetic" into the English language in 1846.
![A vasectomy, showing how each vas deferens is tied off in two places and then a section is removed f](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_14755_28_08_12_1_55_09_82661049.jpeg)
![Vasectomy. (a) Vas deferens is located within the spermatic cord on both sides. (b) A small incision](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_14755_16_10_12_12_27_39_94332233.jpeg)