The most common clinical manifestation of portal hypertension is ...

[MGLQZ]

The most common clinical manifestation of portal hypertension is _____ bleeding.
 
  a. rectal
  b. duodenal
  c. esophageal
  d. intestinal

Question 2

Manifestations associated with hepatic encephalopathy from chronic liver disease are the result of:
 
  a. hyperbilirubinemia and jaundice.
  b. fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
  c. impaired ammonia metabolism.
  d. decreased cerebral blood flow.

[bdobbins]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: C
Vomiting of blood from bleeding esophageal varices is the most common clinical manifestation of portal hypertension. Neither rectal, duodenal, nor intestinal bleeding is a common clinical manifestation of portal hypertension.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: C
Hepatic encephalopathy effect on the liver prevents end products of intestinal protein digestion, particularly ammonia, from being converted to urea by the diseased liver. Impaired ammonia me-tabolism leads to the symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy. Symptoms are primarily neurologic, not jaundice oriented. Manifestations associated with hepatic encephalopathy are not associated with hyperbilirubinemia and jaundice, fluid, and electrolyte imbalances or decreased cerebral blood flow.

[MGLQZ]

TYSM

[JCABRERA33]

Excellent