A 54-year-old man with a long-standing diagnosis of essential ...

[TFauchery]

A 54-year-old man with a long-standing diagnosis of essential hypertension is meeting with his physician.
 
  The patient's physician would anticipate that which of the following phenomena is most likely occurring?
  A)
  The patient's juxtaglomerular cells are releasing aldosterone as a result of sympathetic stimulation.
  B)
  Epinephrine from his adrenal gland is initiating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
  C)
  Vasopressin is exerting an effect on his chemoreceptors and baroreceptors resulting in vasoconstriction.
  D)
  The conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II in his lungs causes increases in blood pressure and sodium reabsorption.

Question 2

Which of the following phenomena would be most likely to accompany increased myocardial oxygen demand (MVO2)?
 
  A)
  Inadequate ventricular end-diastolic pressure
  B)
  Use of calcium channel blocker medications
  C)
  Increased aortic pressure
  D)
  Ventricular atrophy

[todom5090]

Answer to Question 1

Ans:
D

Feedback:

Angiotensin conversion in the lungs is a component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system that ultimately increases blood pressure and sodium reabsorption. Juxtaglomerular cells release renin, and epinephrine (vasopressin) is responsible for neither initiating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system nor directly influencing chemoreceptors and baroreceptors.

Answer to Question 2

Ans:
C

Feedback:

An increase in aortic pressure results in a rise in afterload, wall tension, and, ultimately, MVO2. Increased, not inadequate, ventricular end-diastolic pressure would cause an increase in MVO2, and medications such as calcium channel blockers would decrease MVO2. Hypertrophy of ventricles would occur in response to prolonged wall stress and consequent oxygen demand.