Author Question: Which of the following signs and diagnostic findings are recognized components of the metabolic and ... (Read 97 times)

torybrooks · **on:** Jun 25, 2018

Which of the following signs and diagnostic findings are recognized components of the metabolic and morphologic changes that occur with HIV infection accompanied with lipodystrophy? Select all that apply.

A)
Hyperlipidemia
B)
Insulin resistance
C)
Deficiencies of anterior pituitary hormones
D)
Increased abdominal girth
E)
Breast enlargement

Question 2

A 24-year-old woman has gone to the OB-GYN clinic for her first visit since she found out she was pregnant. The clinician tested her blood type along with the usual prenatal testing. On a follow-up visit, the woman was told that she is Rh negative.

When asked what that means for her baby, the nurse explains that Rh-negative women lack RhD antigens on their erythrocytes but produce anti-D antibodies. As a result of this blood type,
A)
If you and your baby have mismatched blood, it can invoke anaphylaxis in the baby.
B)
If the types are incompatible, severe antibody-mediated inflammation occurs.
C)
If blood types do not match, the baby's liver will produce extra cells to replace RBCs needed to oxygenate organs.
D)
If the fetus is Rh positive, maternal anti-D antibodies can coat fetal RBCs resulting in severe anemia.

macmac · **Reply #1 on:** Jun 25, 2018

Answer to Question 1

Ans:
A, B, D, E

Feedback:

Hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance are aspects of lipodystrophy, a phenomenon that also frequently includes breast enlargement and increased abdominal girth. Pituitary hormone deficiencies are not a noted component of HIV-related metabolic changes.

Answer to Question 2

Ans:
D

Feedback:

In utero, the development of erythroblastosis fetalis (Rh incompatibility) results when Rh-negative women produce anti-D antibodies. In Rh-positive fetus, maternal anti-D antibodies will coat fetal RBCs containing RhD, allowing them to be removed from the fetal circulation by macrophage- and monocyte-mediated phagocytosis (destroying RBCs). RBCs are produced in the bone marrow, not the liver; therefore, answer C is incorrect.