The nurse is conducting a health history with a patient ...

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The nurse is conducting a health history with a patient exhibiting signs of Parkinson disease. Which question should the nurse ask the patient?
 
  1. Do you recall if any of your relatives had difficulty holding on to things with their hands?
  2. Do you remember what you ate for breakfast this morning?
  3. Is it painful to flex your chin to your chest?
  4. Did your muscle weakness first occur in your arms or in your legs?

Question 2

During an assessment of a patient's cranial nerves, the nurse states, Please stick out your tongue. The nurse observes that the tongue deviates markedly to the right side. What is the patient most likely exhibiting?
 
  1. abnormal hypoglossal nerve response
  2. first cranial nerve (CN I) damage
  3. sluggish oculomotor response
  4. absence of the Homans sign

[jrpg123456]

Answer to Question 1

Correct Answer: 1
In Parkinson disease (PD), the lack of dopamine production leads to difficulty with movement, tremor, rigidity, and difficulty maintaining posture. It is thought that the disease process results from a complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Alzheimer disease progressively degrades cognitive function. The symptoms of multiple sclerosis include Lhermitte sign, a shocklike pain that occurs when the neck is flexed. Arm weakness is associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Answer to Question 2

Correct Answer: 1
Cranial nerve XII (hypoglossal) is tested by having the patient stick out the tongue. An abnormal finding is that the tongue deviates to either side. Cranial nerve I is the olfactory nerve and is assessed by having the patient use the sense of smell; cranial nerve III is the oculomotor nerve and, along with the trochlear and abducens nerves, helps the eye move. Homans sign is a check for thrombophlebitis in the calves.

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