Author Question: The most common cause of pathologic hyperbilirubinemia is: a. Hepatic disease. c. Postmaturity. ... (Read 24 times)

jhjkgdfhk · **on:** Jun 28, 2018

The most common cause of pathologic hyperbilirubinemia is:

a. Hepatic disease. c. Postmaturity.
b. Hemolytic disorders in the newborn. d. Congenital heart defect.

Question 2

Providing care for the neonate born to a mother who abuses substances can present a challenge for the health care team. Nursing care for this infant requires a multisystem approach. The first step in the provision of this care is:

a. Pharmacologic treatment.
b. Reduction of environmental stimuli.
c. Neonatal abstinence syndrome scoring.
d. Adequate nutrition and maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance.

helenmarkerine · **Reply #1 on:** Jun 28, 2018

Answer to Question 1

ANS: B
Hemolytic disorders in the newborn are the most common cause of pathologic jaundice. Hepatic damage may be a cause of pathologic hyperbilirubinemia, but it is not the most common cause. Prematurity would be a potential cause of pathologic hyperbilirubinemia in neonates, but it is not the most common cause. Congenital heart defect is not a common cause of pathologic hyperbilirubinemia in neonates.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: C
Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is the term used to describe the cohort of symptoms associated with drug withdrawal in the neonate. The Neonatal Abstinence Scoring System evaluates central nervous system (CNS), metabolic, vasomotor, respiratory, and gastrointestinal disturbances. This evaluation tool enables the care team to develop an appropriate plan of care. The infant is scored throughout the length of stay, and the treatment plan is adjusted accordingly. Pharmacologic treatment is based on the severity of withdrawal symptoms. Symptoms are determined by using a standard assessment tool. Medications of choice are morphine, phenobarbital, diazepam, or diluted tincture of opium. Swaddling, holding, and reducing environmental stimuli are essential in providing care to the infant who is experiencing withdrawal. These nursing interventions are appropriate for the infant who displays CNS disturbances. Poor feeding is one of the gastrointestinal symptoms common to this client population. Fluid and electrolyte balance must be maintained and adequate nutrition provided. These infants often have a poor suck reflex and may need to be fed via gavage.