Author Question: A nurse is admitting an infant with dehydration caused from water loss in excess of electrolyte ... (Read 109 times)

burton19126 · **on:** Jun 28, 2018

A nurse is admitting an infant with dehydration caused from water loss in excess of electrolyte loss. Which type of dehydration is this infant experiencing?

a. Isotonic
b. Isosmotic
c. Hypotonic
d. Hypertonic

Question 2

Which condition in a child should alert a nurse for increased fluid requirements?

a. Fever
b. Mechanical ventilation
c. Congestive heart failure
d. Increased intracranial pressure (ICP)

dlook33 · **Reply #1 on:** Jun 28, 2018

Answer to Question 1

ANS: D
Hypertonic dehydration results from water loss in excess of electrolyte loss. This is the most dangerous type of dehydration. It is caused by feeding children fluids with high amounts of solute. Isotonic dehydration occurs in conditions in which electrolyte and water deficits are present in balanced proportion and is another term for isotonic dehydration. Hypotonic dehydration occurs when the electrolyte deficit exceeds the water deficit, leaving the serum hypotonic.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: A
Fever leads to great insensible fluid loss in young children because of increased body surface area relative to fluid volume. Respiratory rate influences insensible fluid loss and should be monitored in the mechanically ventilated child. Congestive heart failure is a case of fluid overload in children. Increased ICP does not lead to increased fluid requirements in children.