What measure of fluid balance status is most useful in a child ...

[serike]

What measure of fluid balance status is most useful in a child with acute glomerulonephritis?
 
  a. Proteinuria
  b. Daily weight
  c. Specific gravity
  d. Intake and output

Question 2

What recommendation should the nurse make to prevent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in young girls?
 
  a. Avoid public toilet facilities.
  b. Limit long baths as much as possible.
  c. Cleanse the perineum with water after voiding.
  d. Ensure clear liquid intake of 2 L/day.

[aburgess]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: B
A record of daily weight is the most useful means to assess fluid balance and should be kept for children treated at home or in the hospital. Proteinuria does not provide information about fluid balance. Specific gravity does not accurately reflect fluid balance in acute glomerulonephritis. If fluid is being retained, the excess fluid will not be included. Also proteinuria and hematuria affect specific gravity. Intake and output can be useful but are not considered as accurate as daily weights. In children who are not toilet trained, measuring output is more difficult.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: D
Adequate fluid intake minimizes urinary stasis. The recommended fluid intake is 50 ml/kg or 100 ml/lb per day. The average 5- to 6-year-old weighs approximately 18 kg (40 lb), so she should drink 2 L/day of fluid. There is no evidence that using public toilet facilities increases UTIs. Long baths are not associated with increased UTIs. Proper hand washing and perineal cleansing are important, but no evidence exists that these decrease UTIs in young girls.

[serike]

TYSM

[adf223]

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