An inpatient nursing unit uses Madeleine Leininger's theory to ...

[SGallaher96]

An inpatient nursing unit uses Madeleine Leininger's theory to organize nursing care. The manager would conclude that a new nurse has successfully integrated this theory into practice when the nurse does which of the following actions?
 
  A.
  Emphasizes caring over curing in nursing actions
  B.
  Establishes trusting relationships with patients
  C.
  Knows the cultural practices of many different groups
  D.
  Organizes environmental factors for the patient's benefit

Question 2

A nurse uses Nightingale's theory of nursing to pattern care for patients. Which action by the nurse is most consistent with this theory?
 
  A.
  Does for the patient what he or she is unable to do for self
  B.
  Focuses patient interactions on caring, healing, and wholeness
  C.
  Keeps patient's room clean and ensures good nutrition
  D.
  Incorporates culturally relevant actions in a caring encounter

[katkat_flores]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: B
Establishing a trusting nurse-patient relationship is at the core of Leininger's theory. In order to understand another person's cultural beliefs, values, methods of providing or showing caring, causes of illness, and how wellness is achieved, the nurse must first establish a trusting relationship with the patient so the patient feels free to share. This is an ongoing process. The emphasis on caring over curing is part of Watson's theory. Knowing the practices of several different cultural groups would be a valuable asset, but is not required for Leininger's theory. Organizing the environment to benefit the patient is part of Nightingale's theory.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: C
Nightingale focused on the spiritual, physical/environmental, emotional, mental, and social needs of the patient. A major area of emphasis was on improving the patient's environment (internal and external). For this theorist, the base of nursing practice centered around observation, knowledge of sanitation, nutrition, caring, and compassion. The action most closely associated with Nightingale would be keeping the patient's room clean and ensuring the patient gets good nutrition. A focus on caring, healing, and wholeness-centered interactions is reflective of Jean Watson's theory. Incorporation of culture into nursing care reflects the theory of Leininger. Although not mentioned in the text, doing for others what they would do for themselves, if able, is the basis of Dorothea Orem's self-care theory.