Answer to Question 1
Proxemics is the relationship between physical space and the process of communication. The American bubble is an example of this phenomenon. Postures, Orientations and Oculesics refer to individuals' positioning relative to their counterpart and the use or avoidance of eye contact during communication. For example, in Asia, a soft handshake, a humble posture, and avoidance of eye contact convey an attitude of respect. Chronemics refer to the timing of verbal exchanges. Americans expect prompt responses while the Japanese prefer to quiet contemplation time. Haptics refer to the use of touch while conversing. Kinesics refer to the movement of part of the body in order to communicate (e.g., nodding the head means yes in the U.S. but not in all cultures). Paralinguistics refer to non-verbal aspects of speech that include the emotional intonation, accents, and the quality of voice. Appearances refer to one's physical attire and overall grooming. For example, Western business attire for men typically involves wearing a suit or at least a shirt and tie. Olfactions refer to the use of odors to convey messages (e.g., incense). This information is found in the Language section (5-2a).
Answer to Question 2
B
