This topic contains a solution. Click here to go to the answer
« previous next »

Author Question: Which of the following is both a necessary and a sufficient principle to prove a causal ... (Read 110 times)

Zoey63294

  • Hero Member
  • *****
  • Posts: 539
on: Jun 19, 2018
Which of the following is both a necessary and a sufficient principle to prove a causal relationship?
 
  a. Where there is the effect, there must also be the cause.
  b. Where there is no cause, there should be no effect.
  c. Where there is a change made in the cause, there should be a resulting change in the effect.
  d. All of these are necessary and sufficient conditions for proving a causal relationship between variables.

Question 2

The operational definition for the independent variable in an experiment specifies how the variable _____.
 
  a. is measured c. is controlled
  b. is manipulated d. is analyzed


Related Topics

Need homework help now?

Ask unlimited questions for free

Ask a Question
Marked as best answer by a Subject Expert

Sammyo

  • Sr. Member
  • ****
  • Posts: 329
Reply #1 on: Jun 19, 2018
Answer to Question 1

C
The first two principles are true for events that are correlated but not causally related. They are necessary but not sufficient for proving causality.

Answer to Question 2

A
The independent variable is manipulated by the experimenter. The operational definition specifies exactly how the manipulation was accomplished.


Zoey63294

  • Member
  • Posts: 539
Reply 2 on: Jun 19, 2018
Excellent

juliaf

  • Member
  • Posts: 344
Reply 3 on: Yesterday
:D TYSM

« previous next »
 

Did you know?

The calories found in one piece of cherry cheesecake could light a 60-watt light bulb for 1.5 hours.

Did you know?

Atropine, along with scopolamine and hyoscyamine, is found in the Datura stramonium plant, which gives hallucinogenic effects and is also known as locoweed.

Did you know?

People with alcoholism are at a much greater risk of malnutrition than are other people and usually exhibit low levels of most vitamins (especially folic acid). This is because alcohol often takes the place of 50% of their daily intake of calories, with little nutritional value contained in it.

Did you know?

The people with the highest levels of LDL are Mexican American males and non-Hispanic black females.

Did you know?

Eating carrots will improve your eyesight. Carrots are high in vitamin A (retinol), which is essential for good vision. It can also be found in milk, cheese, egg yolks, and liver.

Applying the FITT Principle to Each Exercise Component of Health-Related Physical Fitness Applying the FITT Principle to Each Exercise Component of Health-Related Physical Fitness
Prove the following identity: Prove the following identity:
Prove the following arguments using the two-column format. Prove the following arguments using the two-column format.
Physics - Pressure, Density, Pascal's Principle Physics - Pressure, Density, Pascal's Principle
Physics - Pressure, Density, Pascal's Principle Physics - Pressure, Density, Pascal's Principle
Because the factor h on the right side of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle has units of ... Because the factor h on the right side of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle has units of ...
Video: Parathyroid hormone (bone resorption) & Calcitonin (bone deposition)

For a complete list of videos, visit our video library