One of the possible outcomes of chronic stress is prolonged high levels of circulating cortisol. What harmful effects might result?
a. the death of neurons and the inhibition of neurogenesis
b. an increase in the activity of lymphocytes accompanied by acute pain
c. an enlarged hippocampus and the potential for bipolar disorder
d. a constant state of arousal with intermittent incidences of mania
Question 2
Amber and her 3-year-old daughter, Madison, are walking along the beach on a beautiful summer day. Suddenly Madisons foot starts bleeding heavily after she stepped on a piece of glass in the sand. Amber tries to stop the bleeding with a t-shirt and hurries back toward the parking lot with Madison in her arms. What is the role of cortisol in this situation?
a. It boosts the energy available to Amber for dealing with a stressor.
b. It suppresses Madisons pain response to the trauma.
c. It helps reduce the blood flow from Madisons wound.
d. It triggers fight-or-flight responses in Amber, including a pounding heart and rapid breathing.
On the slopes of Chimborazo, a 6,310 m high volcanic peak in the Andes Mountains of Ecuador, Alexand
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