Confirmability is to qualitative research as ____ is to quantitative research.
a. internal validity c. reliability
b. external validity d. objectivity
Question 2
Researchers have found that between-class ability grouping
a. lowers the achievement of low-ability students, and has little to no benefit for average- and above-average- ability students.
b. produces moderate learning gains for all students.
c. produces moderate learning gains for low- and average-ability students, but has no impact on the performance of high-ability students.
d. produces strong learning gains for all students.