Answer to Question 1
ANS: B
During times of economic downturn, decisions tend to become very centralized to avoid risk. History demonstrates that increasing the breadth of input during these times is more effective than narrowing it.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: B
Participation in decision making regarding one's practice is an appropriate expectation for professional nurses, provides for greater autonomy and authority over practice decisions, contributes to supporting the professional nurse, and is a major component of job satisfaction (Kramer et al., 2008; Pittman, 2007). Autonomy is encouraged through supportive management and through unit-level support of changes without the need for complex, multilevel approval of changes that can be made locally.