The nurse reviews a published analytical research study that ...

[ahriuashd]

The nurse reviews a published analytical research study that compares one group of clients who developed diabetes mellitus before the start of the study with a group of clients without diabetes mellitus. Which type of study design was used in this study?
 
  A) Case control
  B) Case
  C) Clinical trial
  D) Cohort

Question 2

The nurse wishes to conduct a study on the effectiveness of animal-assisted therapy in alleviating symptoms of depression.
 
  One group of subjects would attend regular counseling sessions in the company of a dog, whereas the other group would attend regular counseling sessions without a dog present. In this study, the dogs would represent:
  A) Control group
  B) Treatment group
  C) Intervention
  D) Placebo

[cici]

Answer to Question 1

Ans: A
Feedback:
A case-control study is an observational analytic study that enrolls one group of persons with a certain health problem (case-clients) and a group of persons without the health problem (control subjects). It compares differences in exposures, behaviors, and other characteristics to identify and quantify associations, test hypotheses, and identify causes. A case study is a research method that involves an in-depth analysis of an individual, group, or institution. A clinical trial is an experimental study in which the investigator specifies the type of exposure for each study participant and then follows each person's health status to determine the effects of the exposure. A cohort study is an observational analytic study in which enrollment is based on the status of exposure to a certain factor or membership in a certain group.

Answer to Question 2

Ans: C
Feedback:
The hallmark of the experimental study is random assignment of subjects to treatment (intervention) and control groups, which controls for potential unknown confounding variables. In this case, the dogs are the intervention or treatment, the group of subjects who are exposed to them during counseling sessions are the treatment group, and the group of subjects who are not exposed to them are the control group. Placebo refers to the control group.