Author Question: The nurse reads a research article that reviews causality. Using knowledge of research designs, ... (Read 378 times)

panfilo

  • Hero Member
  • *****
  • Posts: 572
The nurse reads a research article that reviews causality. Using knowledge of research designs, which types of design examine causality? (Select all that apply.)
 
  A) Retrospective
  B) Quasi-experimental
  C) Experimental
  D) Randomized, control group
  E) Case-controlled

Question 2

The nurse conducts a study that will follow a group of subjects for two decades. It involves one group of subjects who have a risk factor for developing diabetes and another group who do not have a risk factor.
 
  The goal is to establish a cause-and-effect relationship between the existence of the risk factor and the occurrence of diabetes. Which study design would be most appropriate?
  A) Cohort
  B) Case-control
  C) Preventive
  D) Therapeutic



kusterl

  • Sr. Member
  • ****
  • Posts: 315
Answer to Question 1

Ans: B, C, D
Feedback:
Quasi-experimental and experimental designs are used to examine causality. The gold standard for research design is the randomized, control group design, which is a type of experimental design. Retrospective, or case-controlled, studies do not examine causality.

Answer to Question 2

Ans: A
Feedback:
Cohort studies, sometimes referred to as longitudinal studies, are prospective studies that monitor subjects over time to find associations between risk factors and health outcomes. In their simplest form, a sample (cohort) of subjects who are exposed to the risk factor(s) is matched with a sample of subjects not exposed to the risk factor. Cohort studies attempt to find cause-and-effect relationships. Case-control studies, also known as retrospective studies, work backward from the effect to the suspected cause. Subjects are selected on the basis of the presence or absence of the disease or outcome in question: one group of people (case-subjects) with the health problem and another group without the health problem (controls). The two groups are then compared to determine the presence of specific exposures or risk factors. A preventive study is focused on preventing the occurrence of disease in subjects. Therapeutic trials are based on secondary prevention, which focuses on limiting the spread of disease, and where the treatment (independent variable) is manipulated by the researcher.



Related Topics

Need homework help now?

Ask unlimited questions for free

Ask a Question
 

Did you know?

Prostaglandins were first isolated from human semen in Sweden in the 1930s. They were so named because the researcher thought that they came from the prostate gland. In fact, prostaglandins exist and are synthesized in almost every cell of the body.

Did you know?

In the United States, an estimated 50 million unnecessary antibiotics are prescribed for viral respiratory infections.

Did you know?

Human neurons are so small that they require a microscope in order to be seen. However, some neurons can be up to 3 feet long, such as those that extend from the spinal cord to the toes.

Did you know?

Malaria was not eliminated in the United States until 1951. The term eliminated means that no new cases arise in a country for 3 years.

Did you know?

IgA antibodies protect body surfaces exposed to outside foreign substances. IgG antibodies are found in all body fluids. IgM antibodies are the first type of antibody made in response to an infection. IgE antibody levels are often high in people with allergies. IgD antibodies are found in tissues lining the abdomen and chest.

For a complete list of videos, visit our video library