Author Question: Which of these situations describes a reactive (Hawthorne) effect? a. Control subjects in an ... (Read 143 times)

lb_gilbert · **on:** Jul 8, 2018

Which of these situations describes a reactive (Hawthorne) effect?

a. Control subjects in an intervention study to reduce anxiety also experience a reduction in anxiety.
b. The subjects in an intervention support group continue the support group after the study has ended.
c. Subjects become concerned after learning that they received a placebo, not the treatment, during the study.
d. Study subjects want to know the outcomes of the study after it is completed.

Question 2

A nurse researcher can control for selection bias in a study by taking which of these actions?

a. Allow subjects to self-select into an experimental or a control group
b. Handpick the subjects for group assignment
c. Use defined selection criteria for approaching potential subjects
d. Have someone other than the researcher select the subjects for the study

gabrielle_lawrence · **Reply #1 on:** Jul 8, 2018

Answer to Question 1

ANS: A

Feedback
A Reactivity occurs when control subjects respond to the investigator not because of the treatment but because of the fact they were being studied.
B Continuing a treatment after a study is over is not necessarily related to reactive effects.
C After a treatment is finished and the study is over, concern about the use of a placebo would not be a reactive effect.
D The desire to know about study outcomes after the study is finished is not a reactive effect.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: C

Feedback
A Self-selection could worsen selection bias, rather than control it.
B Researcher bias in selection subjects could worsen selection bias.
C Selection criteria (inclusive and exclusive) that are consistently applied help obtain a representative sample and decrease the risk of selection bias.
D The researcher can select subjects, providing subjects meet specified selection criteria.