Answer to Question 1
Waves are traveling forms. They do not transport water horizontally from one place to another except where they break along a coastline. The movement of waves in the open water body may be considered similar to the movement of stalks of wheat as wind blows across a wheat field, causing wavelike ripples to roll across its surface. The wheat returns to its original position after the passage of each wave. Water particles likewise return to approximately their original position after transmitting a wave.
Answer to Question 2
A groin is an obstruction, usually a concrete or rock wall, built perpendicular to a beach to inhibit sediment removal by littoral drifting while the input of sediment from littoral drifting remains the same. This obstruction, however, starves the adjacent, downcoast beach area of material input while the rate of sediment removal from that adjacent beach does not change. The end result is that beach sediment will build up on one side of the groin, and be eaten away on the other side.
Martin Van Buren, sitting uncomfortably for this engraving, would eventually ascend to the presidenc
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