A child who was once spanked for running into a busy street no longer runs into the street. This can best be explained by which one of the following?
a. Pavlov's concept of extinction
b. Thorndike's original law of effect
c. Thorndike's revised law of effect
d. Skinner's basic principle of operant conditioning
Question 2
In the basement of Marcy's college dormitory is a Coke machine that dispenses a can of Coke whenever someone firmly pounds the side of the machine. Marcy is delighted when she discovers this fact, because she can now get Cokes from the machine without having to pay for them. One morning a repairman fixes the machine. The next time Marcy goes to get a soft drink from the machine, she finds that her usual pounding strategy doesn't yield her the Coke she wants. But rather than insert the required coins to purchase a drink, Marcy begins pounding the side of the machine vigorously for several minutes. In behaviorist terminology, Marcy's behavior at this point can best be described as:
a. an extinction burst
b. discrimination
c. shaping
d. a response reinforced by an activity reinforcer
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