What is the effect of damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerves? ...

[DyllonKazuo]

What is the effect of damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerves?
 
  a. Diaphragmatic paralysis
  b. Pulmonary circulatory failure
  c. Inactivation of pulmonary surfactant pro-duction
  d. Vocal cord impairment or paralysis

Question 2

What determines the airway diameter in the normal lung?
 
  a. Balance between sympathetic and para-sympathetic tone
  b. In large part, the amount of patient effort
  c. Activity level of the submucosal glands
  d. Amount of dopamine present in the air-way walls

[sierrahalpin]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: D
Damage to laryngeal nerves can cause unilateral or bilateral vocal cord paralysis, depending on which branches are involved. This may result in hoarseness, loss of voice, and an ineffective cough.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: A
Both sympathetic and parasympathetic postganglionic efferents innervate the smooth muscle and glands of the airways. They influence the diameter of the airway by causing more or less tension in the smooth muscles that wrap the airway and influence glandular secretion. The combined ef-fects of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous activity, which generally oppose each oth-er's action, result in a balanced control of airway diameter.