The nurse is caring for a 79-year-old client with dementia. The ...

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The nurse is caring for a 79-year-old client with dementia. The client worked as an obstetrics nurse before retiring. Despite her dementia, she still remembers terms and procedures and basic nursing care interventions from her past career.
 
  This is an example of: a. Working memory
  b. Reasoning
  c. Information processing
  d. Crystallized intelligence

Question 2

A patient became severely depressed when the last of her six children moved out of the home 4 months ago. Since then she has neglected to care for herself, sleeps poorly, lost weight, and repeatedly states, No one cares about me anymore.
 
  I'm not worth anything.. Upon admission to the unit, the nursing diagnosis Situational low self-esteem related to feelings of abandonment was established. Which would be an appropriate intermediate outcome for this diagnosis? Patient will: a. make one positive comment about self daily by (date).
  b. agree to antidepressant medication regularly by (date).
  c. interact with another person for 10 minutes daily by (date).
  d. identify factors which increased her depression by (date).

[IAPPLET]

Answer to Question 1

D
Crystallized intelligence is specialized accumulated knowledge, and it is common for individuals to remember this specialized information, even if they experience dementia. Working memory is the random access memory to which one refers. Reasoning is the ability to solve problems and make choices, and information processing is the ability to relate to, store, and retrieve information.

Answer to Question 2

A
The primary goal of treatment of depression is improved mood, which in turn leads to improvement in other areas of concern such as intake, socialization activity level, and impaired self-esteem. In this case, stating a positive comment about herself would indicate improvement in low self-esteem, and replacing negative cognitions with more realistic appraisals of self is an appropriate intermediate outcome. Agreeing to take medication, while perhaps necessary for her treatment and improvement, would not necessarily indicate improvement in self-esteem and would better serve as a short-term indicator, since it would need to precede other expected outcomes. Interacting with others would be an appropriate intermediate goal for impaired socialization, and identifying factors contributing to her depression would be an appropriate short-term indicator.