Author Question: The body's fluid and electrolyte balance is maintained partially by hormonal regulation. The nurse ... (Read 61 times)

captainjonesify · **on:** Jul 22, 2018

The body's fluid and electrolyte balance is maintained partially by hormonal regulation. The nurse conveys an understanding of this mechanism in which statement?

a. The pituitary gland secretes aldosterone.
b. The kidney secretes antidiuretic hor-mone.
c. The adrenal cortex secretes antidiuretic hormone.
d. The pituitary gland secretes antidiuretic hormone.

Question 2

A patient presents to the emergency department complaining of increased urine output. The patient has been drinking alcohol and is still visibly impaired.

He is aware of his condition and apologizes, stating that he has never gotten drunk before and if he survives he never will again, but he knows that if he drinks too much he will lose potassium and die. The nurse realizes that the patient is dealing with: a. antidiuretic hormone (ADH) suppression.
b. ADH stimulation.
c. insensible water loss.
d. angiotensin II release.

zhanghao · **Reply #1 on:** Jul 22, 2018

Answer to Question 1

D
The hypothalamus controls release of ADH from the posterior pituitary gland. Antidiuretic hor-mone circulates to the kidneys, where it acts on the collecting ducts, causing them to reabsorb water. The adrenal cortex releases aldosterone in response to increased plasma potassium con-centration or as the end product of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS).

Answer to Question 2

A
Ethyl alcohol decreases ADH release, which is why people urinate frequently when they drink alcoholic beverages. Antidiuretic hormone acts on the kidneys, causing them to reabsorb water. With ADH stimulation a patient will experience a decrease in urinary output; volume is returned to systemic circulation, diluting the blood and decreasing osmolarity. Insensible water loss is continuous and nonperceptual. Lungs expire water daily through respiration. Angiotensin II causes vasoconstriction of many blood vessels, which helps regulate blood pressure, and it sti-mulates the release of aldosterone, which assists fluid homeostasis.