Answer to Question 1
C
A bladder-retraining program includes initiating a voiding schedule.
Negative reinforcement should not be used when the client is incontinent. However, positive re-inforcement should be provided when continence is maintained.
The client should be offered protective undergarments (not adult diapers) to contain urine and reduce the client's embarrassment.
Tea, coffee, other caffeine drinks, and alcohol should be minimized.
Answer to Question 2
A
Survivors' feelings of distress range along a continuum from sadness to disabling depression (Vachon, 2006). The long-term presence of fatigue and sleep disturbances, for example, is often associated with anxiety and depression in many cancer survivors (Barton-Burke, 2006).
Sleep disorders and fatigue would not necessarily be expected at this point in the remission stage.
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by an acute emo-tional response to a traumatic event or situation. Cancer survivors experience symptoms of PTSD (e.g., grief, nightmares, panic attacks, or fear) at a rate of 4 to 19, as a result of their diagno-sis, treatment, or a past traumatic episode.
While chemotherapy drugs can produce side effects, sleep disorders are not a typical complaint.
The anatomy of the urinary bladder.
Cystostomy. An artificial opening is made through the urinary bladder wall during this procedure. As
Sample Exercise Program for Limited Older Adults (cont.)
Foley catheter with balloon in the bladder of a male patient.
Common Household Measures
Sample client goals from the Wellness Massage Pyramid.