A nurse explains the homeostatic mechanisms involved in fluid homeostasis to a student nurse. Which of the following statements accurately describe this process? Select all that apply.
A) The kidneys selectively retain electrolytes and water and excrete wastes and excesses according to the body's needs.
B) The cardiovascular system is responsible for pumping and carrying nutrients and water throughout the body.
C) The thyroid gland secretes aldosterone, a mineralocorticoid hormone that helps the body conserve sodium, helps save chloride and water, and causes potassium to be excreted.
D) The lungs regulate oxygen and carbon dioxide levels of the blood, which is especially crucial in maintaining acidbase balance.
E) Thyroxine, released by the adrenal glands, increases blood flow in the body, leading to increased renal circulation and resulting in increased glomerular filtration and urinary output.
F) The parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormone, which regulates the level of calcium and phosphorus.
Question 2
What is the rationale for using CPAP to treat sleep apnea?
A) positive air pressure holds the airway open
B) negative air pressure holds the airway closed
C) delivery of oxygen facilitates respiratory effort
D) alternating waves of air stimulate breathing
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