A patient with diabetes develops hypertension. The nurse will ...

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A patient with diabetes develops hypertension. The nurse will anticipate administering which type of medication to treat hypertension in this patient?
 
  a. ACE inhibitors
  b. Beta blockers
  c. Direct-acting vasodilators
  d. Thiazide diuretics

Question 2

A patient has three separate blood pressure (BP) readings of 120/100 mm Hg, 138/92 mm Hg, and 126/96 mm Hg. Which category describes this patient's BP?
 
  a. Hypertension
  b. Isolated systolic hypertension
  c. Normal
  d. Prehypertension

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Answer to Question 1

ANS: A
ACE inhibitors slow the progression of kidney injury in diabetic patients with renal damage. Beta blockers can mask signs of hypoglycemia and must be used with caution in diabetics. Direct-acting vasodilators are third-line drugs for chronic hypertension. Thiazide diuretics promote hyperglycemia.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: A
Hypertension is defined as systolic BP over 140 mm Hg or diastolic BP over 90 mm Hg. When systolic and diastolic BP fall into different categories, classification is based on the higher category. This patient has a hypertensive diastolic BP. Isolated systolic hypertension occurs if the systolic BP is greater than 140 mm Hg with a diastolic BP less than 90 mm Hg. Because this patient has an elevated diastolic BP, it is not considered normal. Prehypertension occurs with a systolic BP of 120 to 139 mm Hg or a diastolic BP of 80 to 89 mm Hg.

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