Author Question: Tumor necrosis factors (TNF) participate in the inflammatory response of the human body. What do ... (Read 65 times)

jwb375 · **on:** Jul 23, 2018

Tumor necrosis factors (TNF) participate in the inflammatory response of the human body. What do they cause in the inflammatory response?

A) Enhancing macrophage activity
B) Tumor regression
C) Binding of target cells
D) Delaying or stopping macrophage migration

Question 2

The nurse administers a human B-type natriuretic peptide with the expectation it will have what action?

A) Decrease blood volume
B) Increase force of cardiac contraction
C) Reduce venous return
D) Lighten the heart's workload

blazinlyss · **Reply #1 on:** Jul 23, 2018

Answer to Question 1

B
Feedback:
TNF, a cytokine, is a chemical released by macrophages that inhibits tumor growth and can cause tumor regression. It also works with other chemicals to make the inflammatory and immune responses more aggressive and efficient. Therefore, options A, C, and D are incorrect.

Answer to Question 2

C
Feedback:
Human B-type natriuretic peptides are normally produced by myocardial cells as a compensatory response to increased cardiac workload and increased stimulation by the stress hormones. They bind to endothelial cells, leading to dilation and resulting in decreased venous return, peripheral resistance, and cardiac workload. They also suppress the body's response to the stress hormones, leading to increased fluid loss and further decrease in cardiac workload. Diuretics decrease blood volume, cardiac glycosides increase force of contraction, and vasodilators lighten the heart's workload.