A patient who is started on phenytoin (Dilantin), who is also ...

[Chloeellawright]

A patient who is started on phenytoin (Dilantin), who is also taking amiodarone (Cordarone), should be assessed for what possible effect?
 
  a. Central nervous system depression and sedation
  b. Decrease in effectiveness of phenytoin
  c. Respiratory depression
  d. Increase in serum phenytoin levels

Question 2

Which statement(s) about diuretics is/are true? (Select all that apply.)
 
  a. A mechanism of action for the antihypertensive effects of diuretics includes volume depletion.
  b. They have been shown to reduce cardiovascular morbidity associated with hypertension.
  c. Thiazide diuretics are effective only if renal creatinine clearance is less than 30 mL/min.
  d. Diuretics are sodium sparing.
  e. Electrolytes must be evaluated periodically for patients on loop diuretics.

[trog]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: D
Elevation of phenytoin serum levels (200 to 300) is observed over several weeks. The dosage of phenytoin must be gradually reduced based on patient response. The combination of phenytoin and amiodarone does not produce sedation and depression, decrease the effectiveness of either drug, or produce respiratory depression.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: A, B, E
Diuretics act as hypertensive agents by causing volume depletion, sodium excretion, and vasodilation of peripheral arterioles. Diuretics are often used to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality rates. Potassium must be monitored in patients taking diuretics that are not potassium sparing. When creatinine clearance is higher than 30 mL/min, thiazide diuretics are most effective. Diuretics cause sodium excretion.

[Chloeellawright]

Excellent

[scottmt]

TYSM