The research on logical reasoning shows that the confirmation bias is especially likely to operate when the participants
a. are working on an ecologically valid task, rather than a task in the psychology laboratory.
b. use a diagram to solve the problem, rather than solving it in their heads.
c. are working on a task that focuses on arbitrary stimuli, rather than on human interactions.
d. rely too heavily on bottom-up processes.
Question 2
Your text discussed a classic study in which people were asked which cards they would need to turn over in order to find out whether a rule about the letters and numbers on the cards was true or false. What did the study show?
a. People rely too heavily on denying the consequent.
b. People have difficulty understanding double negatives.
c. People typically avoid trying to disproving their hypotheses.
d. People overuse bottom-up processing.
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