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Bacteria have flourished on the earth for over three billion years. They were the first life forms on the planet.
Sperm cells are so tiny that 400 to 500 million (400,000,000–500,000,000) of them fit onto 1 tsp.
The word drug comes from the Dutch word droog (meaning "dry"). For centuries, most drugs came from dried plants, hence the name.
In 1886, William Bates reported on the discovery of a substance produced by the adrenal gland that turned out to be epinephrine (adrenaline). In 1904, this drug was first artificially synthesized by Friedrich Stolz.
Hippocrates noted that blood separates into four differently colored liquids when removed from the body and examined: a pure red liquid mixed with white liquid material with a yellow-colored froth at the top and a black substance that settles underneath; he named these the four humors (for blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile).
![Jane Goodall first observed Gombe chimpanzees chewing leaves, then dipping the chewed-up “wadge” int](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_269691_26_01_15_5_55_25_204421789.jpeg)
![In 2009, historian Woody Holton described how Abigail Adams shrewdly invested in the Continental Con](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_374628_16_08_15_9_46_09_222481829.jpeg)