Answer to Question 1
b
Answer to Question 2
The hotcold theory of foods practiced by Puerto Ricans sometimes includes not only the category of cool foods, but also those considered heavy or light. A balance of hotcold elements is attempted at meals, and heavy foods, such as starches, are consumed during the day, whereas light foods, such as soup, are eaten in the evening. Although the specific classification of items varies from person to person, one guideline for Puerto Ricans indicates bananas, coconuts, and most vegetables are cold; chiles, garlic, chocolate, coffee, evaporated milk and infant formula, and alcoholic beverages are hot. Cool foods include fruit, chicken, bacalao, whole milk, honey, onions, peas, and wheat. Excessive intake of cool or cold foods can make a cold condition, such as a cough, develop into a chronic illness, such as asthma.
Pregnancy, defined as a hot condition by most Puerto Ricans, is a time when a hotcold balance is practiced carefully, and hot foods are avoided. When infants suffer from hot ailments, including diarrhea or rash, infant formula may be replaced with whole milk, or cooling ingredients such as barley water, mannitol, or magnesium carbonate may be added to the formula. High-calorie tonics (eggnogs and malts are popular types) are taken by some Puerto Ricans to stimulate the appetite and provide strength or energy. These are considered especially appropriate for pale children and for pregnant or postpartum women.
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