Answer to Question 1
The plant-based eating pattern associated with vegetarianism is associated with a number of beneficial health effects. Vegetarians tend to consume foods that are higher in fiber, richer in certain vitamins and minerals, and lower in calories from fat than non-vegetarians. Studies have found that people with vegetarian or near-vegetarian traditions, such as the Seventh-Day Adventists and Chinese, have lower rates of heart disease, cancer, diabetes, and obesity than those consuming the typical North American diet. Informed vegetarians are more likely to be at a healthy weight and to have lower blood cholesterol levels, lower blood pressure, lower rates of certain types of cancer, and better digestive function. Several studies have reported that the rate of type 2 diabetes is lower among vegetarians compared with non-vegetarians.28 Even compared with people who are health conscious, vegetarians experience fewer deaths from cardiovascular disease. It is unlikely that dietary practices alone account for the lower mortality rates found in vegetarians. Non-dietary lifestyle factors such as not smoking, lower alcohol intake, and emphasis on supportive family also reduce one's risk for chronic diseases. These factors, together with a vegetarian-style eating pattern, appear to contribute to positive health outcomes.
Answer to Question 2
False
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