Answer to Question 1
If a gallstone remains lodged in the cystic duct, it can obstruct bile flow to the duodenum and cause cholecystitis-distention and inflammation of the gallbladder. Cholecystitis can lead to infection or to more severe complications, including perforation of the gallbladder, peritonitis, and fistulas. If gallstones obstruct the common bile duct, they can block bile flow from the liver, resulting in jaundice or damage to liver tissue. An impacted stone within the bile ducts may lead to infection and bacterial cholangitis, which causes severe pain, sepsis, and fever and is often a medical emergency. Gallstones can block the pancreatic duct as well-a primary cause of acute pancreatitis. Because these complications are potentially dangerous, individuals should seek medical attention if gallstone pain does not resolve over time or if fever, jaundice, or persistent nausea and vomiting develop.
Answer to Question 2
D
(A) Common sites for cholelithiasis; (B) a gallbladder specimen with multiple gallstones.
Gallstones in the biliary and pancreatic ducts
An example of a selection list used to identify symptoms.
To Do List
List transformations and Create a table of values for the following log function:
Some Complications of Diabetes