Answer to Question 1
Irritable bowel disease is characterized by frequent or severe abdominal discomfort and a disturbance in the motility of the GI tract. In most cases, GI contractions are stronger and last longer than normal, forcing intestinal contents through quickly and causing gas, bloating, and diarrhea. In some cases, however, GI contractions are weaker than normal, slowing the passage of intestinal contents and causing constipation. The exact cause of irritable bowel syndrome is not known but may involve the nervous system. The condition seems to worsen for some people when they eat certain foods or during stressful events. These triggers seem to aggravate the symptoms but not cause them. Dietary treatment hinges on identifying and avoiding individual foods that aggravate symptoms and eating small meals. Other treatments that may be effective include antispasmodic drugs and peppermint oil.
People with colitis, an inflammation of the large intestine, may also suffer from severe diarrhea. They often benefit from complete bowel rest and medication. If treatment fails, surgery to remove the colon and rectum may be necessary.
Celiac disease is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of the small intestine that occurs in response to foods that contain gluten, a protein commonly found in wheat, barley, rye, and possibly oats. Gluten triggers an immune system reaction in the small intestine that causes inflammation, which damages the villi and decreases nutrient absorption. Common symptoms include abdominal pains, bloating and gas, and diarrhea-making it commonly misdiagnosed as irritable bowel syndrome. Treatment focuses on a gluten-free diet. Despite the growing popularity of gluten-free products, there is no evidence to suggest that a gluten-free diet is beneficial for the general population.
Answer to Question 2
TRUE
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