Answer to Question 1
The most common side effects include significant gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
If Maria has difficulty eating due to nausea, vomiting, or anorexia, these side effects will be important to consider.
Long-term use of the medications may certainly affect the nutrient status of Ca, Fe, and B12.
The tablet form of bismuth subsalicylate should be taken at least 1 to 3 hours before or after tetracyclines; otherwise, it may decrease the effectiveness of the tetracycline.
Answer to Question 2
Similarities:
Dyspnea
Hypercapnea
Increased risk of upper respiratory infections
Likely to be caused by exposure to cigarette smoke and air pollution
Differences:
Chronic bronchitis Emphysema
Causes Second-hand smoke Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency
Primary pathology Involves airways
Excessive mucus production
Productive cough Involves alveoli
Destruction of bronchioles
Loss of elasticity due to hyperinflation
Signs/Symptoms Long-term cough (sometimes brought on by cold weather, dampness, and things that irritate the lungs like fumes or smoke)
Increased mucus production
Frequent clearing of throat
Edema and weight gain (often occur as side effect of medication)
Cyanosis
Clubbing
Secondary polycythemia
Cor pulmonale Rapid breathing
Wheezing
Chronic cough, with or without sputum
Decreased exercise tolerance
Loss of appetite leading to weight loss
Barrel chest
May progress to respiratory failure
Orthopnea
Physical assessment Gurgles
Wheezing
Resonant to percussion Diminished breath sounds
Hyperresonant to percussion
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