Answer to Question 1
Marital satisfaction is fairly high in older couples. They tend to rate their partners more positively than do middle-aged married partners. In marriages of over 40 years, a developmental trend occurs. Marital satisfaction increases shortly after retirement and then declines with health problems and advancing age. Generally speaking, over time, older married couples develop adaptive ways to avoid conflict and become more alike. Being married in later life has a number of benefits, such as helping people deal better with chronic illnesses and disabilities.
Answer to Question 2
Around the world, violence against women reflects cultural traditions, beliefs, and values of patriarchal societies. International research indicates that rates of violence are higher in cultures that emphasize female purity, male status, and family honor. For example, one source of women's murders in Arab countries are brothers or other male relatives killing women who violated, or are suspected of violating, the family's honor. Intimate partner violence has also been found to be high in China and is associated with male patriarchal values and conflict resolution.
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