Answer to Question 1
The athlete's heart will be larger and will have a higher resting stroke volume and a lower resting heart rate. During maximum activity, stroke volume will be much greater for the athlete, and cardiac output of the athlete may approach 30 liters/minute compared to 20 liters/minute of the nonathlete. Maximum heart rates will be about the same despite the much larger cardiac output, due to the larger stroke volume.
Answer to Question 2
D