Question 1
Why has martyrdom become so important to Shi'a Muslims, the partisans of Ali?
A. Ali, whom they believed to be the true caliph, was assassinated by other Muslims.
B. A strong vision of the afterlife cannot come soon enough for some Shi'as.
C. Throughout his long life, Ali taught the importance of sacrifice.
D. They have always been a minority among Muslims.
E. They believe martyrdom is the only path to heaven.
Question 2
Mecca was an important pilgrimage site before Islam because pagans came to worship ________.
A. a natural gas leak that produced an eternal flame
B. a black meteorite
C. the place of Muhammad's birth
D. at a Roman temple
E. Athena
Question 3
Because he condemned idolatry and immorality, Muhammad was ________.
A. chased out of Medina
B. chased out of Mecca
C. forced to wear a hair shirt
D. absolved of military duty
E. martyred, killed by his own brother
Question 4
Although the Roman military succumbed to Germanic invaders in the fifth century, Roman ________ proved to be dominant when the two peoples mixed.
A. athletes
B. cuisine
C. culture
D. entertainment
E. soldiers
Apollo Belvedere (detail), Roman copy after a 4th-century BCE Greek original.
Apoxyomenos (The Scraper), Roman copy of an original Greek bronze by Lysippus.
The Last Century Trends
Exterior View of The Temple of Hera I, Poseidonia (Roman Paestum)
Reconstruction Drawing of the Tomb of the Diver, Poseidonia (Roman Paestum)
Whale Stranded During Military Testing