Answer to Question 1
Two types of functional imaging procedures are functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and positron-emission tomography (PET). fMRI is a form of MRI that registers neural activity in functioning areas of the brain. By doing so, it can show which brain areas are active during particular mental operations such as solving a specific type of problem or reacting to a fear-inducing stimulus.
Answer to Question 2
Although researchers are obligated to use nonharmful procedures, exposing the child to mildly stressful conditions such as a brief separation from their parent or exposure to an anxiety-producing stimulus may be necessary in some instances if benefits associated with the research are to be realized. Children are more vulnerable than adults to physical and psychological harm, and their immaturity may make it difficult or impossible for them to evaluate exactly what research participation means. In view of these realities, precautions must be taken to protect children's rights during the course of a study.
New Research on the Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
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Gray and White Matter of the Brain
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The divisions of the adult human brain.