According to the American Psychological Association's Commission on Violence and
Youth, all of the following effects of television are clearly supported by research evidence
except:
a. An aggressor effect (i.e., increased meanness and violence toward others)
b. A victim effect (i.e., increased fear of being victimized)
c. An interpretative effect (i.e., increased tendency to interpret neutral actions as hostile)
d. A bystander effect (i.e., increased apathy toward victims of violence)
e. An appetitive effect (i.e., increased interest in violent material)
Question 2
The 80, or four-fifths rule, is a guideline the courts have used
a. to determine which 20 of the population a measure is appropriate for.
b. to label a test item as biased.
c. to ascertain the number of passing grades appropriate for criterion measurements.
d. all of the above