In a study by Steele and Aronson (1995) demonstrating the effects of stereotype threat, African-American students performed
A) better on a verbal section of the Graduate Record Exam when race was made salient.
B) better on a verbal section of the Graduate Record Exam when they thought the test was diagnostic of intellectual abilities.
C) worse on a verbal section of the Graduate Record Exam when race was made salient.
D) worse on a verbal section of the Graduate Record Exam when they were threatened with a punishment for every wrong answer.
Question 2
In a study investigating the tangible costs of discrimination, researchers studied the audition techniques and hiring decisions of 11 major orchestras as a function of how applicants were auditioned. They found that
A) female musicians fared better when the judges viewed their performance.
B) concealed auditions decreased the likelihood that female musicians would advance to later rounds of auditions.
C) concealed auditions almost doubled the likelihood that female musicians would win the job.
D) when their gender was known, female musicians were more likely to win the job.
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