Answer to Question 1
A story about Holly, whose father asked her not to climb a tree after he saw her falling from one, is told to a child. In the story, Holly's friend's kitten gets stuck in a tree and Holly has to decide what to tell her father. The children's responses to the story are assessed in terms of the level of egocentrism and ability to take the perspectives of other individuals in the story. Less mature responses tend to focus on egocentric responses to the story and more mature responses are based on the ability to focus on multiple relationships.
Answer to Question 2
Canalization refers to the tendency to return to one's genetically determined pattern of growth. In other words, if something has happened that has interfered with the child's growth, such as an illness or poor nutrition, the child will tend to catch up once that challenge has passed or been taken care of. Frequently, this means that a child who has shown a deficiency will demonstrate acceleration in development and will return to approximately the normal course of development for that individual.
Because the leg muscles of children with muscular dystrophy are weak, they must perform the Gowers’
Piaget’s Test for Egocentric Perspectives on Children
Two-point linear perspective.
Many children learn not to express prejudice overtly but may feel it implicitly.
Note-taking
On the Flexible Item Selection Task (FIST) children are presented with three cards